Archive for September, 2009

American Management Association article

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Seven Principles of Effective Public Speaking

By: Richard Zeoli

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Seven Principles of Effective Public Speaking

Some studies show that many people fear public speaking more than they fear death. Here are seven strategies from an executive communications coach that will help you realize that life is worth living—even if you’re called upon to address a crowd.

When we watch celebrities, politicians, or business leaders speak on television or in public, they seem so at ease that we may wonder:  are great speakers made, or are they just born that way? While it is true that some individuals are definitely born with this gift, the overwhelming majority of effective speakers have trained themselves to be so. Either they have received formal media training or they have delivered so many speeches that over time they’ve learned what works for them.

Here are seven principles of public speaking that I’ve developed in my role as a media coach.  Keep them in mind the next time you find yourself presenting before a group.

1. Perception: Stop trying to be a great “public” speaker.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed, and comfortable.  In the routine conversations we have every day, we have no problem being ourselves.  Yet too often, when we stand up to give a speech, something changes.  We focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”  To become an effective public speaker, you must do just the opposite: focus on the speaking and let go of the “public.”  Think of it as a conversation between you and the audience. If you can carry on a relaxed conversation with one or two people, you can give a great speech.  Whether your audience consists of two people or two thousand and whether you’re talking about the latest medical breakthrough or what you did today at work, be yourself; talk directly to people and make a connection with them.

2. Perfection: When you make a mistake, no one cares but you.
Even the most accomplished public speaker will make a mistake at some point.  Just keep in mind that you’ll notice more than anyone in your audience.  The most important thing a speaker can do after making a mistake is to keep going.  Don’t stop and—unless the mistake was truly earth shattering—never apologize to the audience for a minor slip.  Unless they are reading the speech during your delivery, the audience won’t know if you left out a word, said the wrong name, or skipped a page.  Because “to err is human,” a mistake can actually work for you, because it allows you to connect with your audience.  People don’t want to hear from someone who is “perfect;” they will relate much more easily to someone who is real.

3. Visualization: If you can see it, you can speak it.
Winners in all aspects of life have this in common:  they practice visualization to achieve their goals.  Sales people envision themselves closing the deal; executives picture themselves developing new ventures; athletes close their eyes and imagine themselves making that basket, hitting that home run, or breaking that record.  The same is true in public speaking.  The best way to fight anxiety and to become a more comfortable speaker is to practice in the one place where no one else can see you—your mind. If you visualize on a consistent basis, your mind will become used to the prospect of speaking in public, and pretty soon you’ll conquer any feelings of anxiety.

4. Discipline: Practice makes perfectly good.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.  There is no such thing.  Your goal is to be an effective public speaker.  Like anything else in life, it takes practice.  We too often take communication for granted because we speak to people everyday. But when your prosperity is directly linked to how well you perform in front a group, you need to give the task the same attention as if you were a professional athlete. Remember, even world champion athletes practice every day.  A-Rod and Jeter take batting practice every day.

5. Description: Make it personal.
Whatever the topic, audiences respond best when speakers personalize their communication. Take every opportunity to put a face on the facts of your presentation.  People like to hear about other people’s experiences—the triumphs, tragedies, and everyday humorous anecdotes that make up their lives.  Tell stories.  Whenever possible, insert a personal-interest element in your public speaking.  Not only will it make your listeners warm up to you, but it will also do wonders at putting you at ease. After all, on what subject is your expertise greater than on the subject of you?

6. Inspiration: Speak to serve.
For a twist that is sure to take much of the fear out of public speaking, take the focus off of yourself and shift it to your audience. After all, the objective is not to benefit the speaker but to benefit the audience, through teaching, motivation, or entertainment. So in all of your preparation and presentation, you should think about your purpose.  How can you help your audience members achieve their goals?

7. Anticipation: Always leave ‘em wanting more.
One of the most valuable lessons I have learned in my years in communications is that when it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. I don’t think I’ve ever left a gathering and heard someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, I imagine that you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that speech is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience.  Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.  If you’ve followed the first six principles outlined here you already have their attention and interest, and it’s better to leave your listeners wishing you had spoken for just a few more minutes than squirming in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.

About the Presenter(s)

Richard ZeoliRichard Zeoli is the founder and president of RZC Impact, an executive communications training firm.  He is the author of The 7 Principles of Public Speaking (Skyhorse Publishing) and is a Visiting Associate at the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University in New Jersey.  For more information, visit www.rzcimpact.com

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Principles of Success

My friend Steve Oroho shared these principles of success at a speech earlier this week. Considering he retired at age 38, I think he knows what he’s talking about. I thought I would share them with you as well:

On these occasions I would love to come up with just the right words that would guide and energize you to be the best you can be. However a long time ago I realized it was not the sensational that makes most people successful. As I looked back over my career, experiences and people I have met, I would always find myself going back to some very fundamental principals that I believe help us to be successful.

1) Have faith because sometimes things happen for a reason. When I was in the early part of my senior year in high school, I visited my oldest brother, Jim, at Saint Francis College, located in a small town in the coal mining section of western part Pa. During my visit the director of guidance asked to talk to me. In our discussion he told me that if I wanted to attend Saint Francis, I was accepted. I hadn’t even filled out an application. A little different than the stressful process most students go through today. So, I decided to go to St. Francis, and study accounting. Why accounting? To be honest, I really can’t give you a good reason other than I was good in math, but that just got me through the first day.

I loved my time at Saint Francis. The winters were cold, and snowy, but the spring was absolutely beautiful up on Loretto Mountain. I studied hard and did well.

Most importantly, that is where I met my wife, Rita. We were married two months after graduation and this year we celebrated our 29th year of marriage, and we have five terrific children, one grandson and a granddaughter on the way. Seems to me I was meant to go to Saint Francis — so, have faith, some things happen for a reason.

2) Experience is king, find a mentor. Formal education is critical, and it will accelerate your capability for achievement, but there is no substitute for experience. Find someone you connect with, someone who has a good reputation, and you can trust. A good mentor will teach and challenge you to be better.

3) Work hard – the harder you work the luckier you get, be the go to guy.

4) Build and protect a good reputation. Your reputation is your brand. Establish a good reputation; it goes everywhere you go, but before you do.

5) Be grateful for what you have. If you focus on what you have, I believe you will see that there are many opportunities available for you. If you focus your life on what you don’t have, you will never have enough, and you will never be happy. Focus on what you can accomplish, and how far you can grow.

6) Be an optimist. If you believe it, you can do it. If you think it can’t be done, you have already decided the outcome. Believe in yourself. Be positive.

7) Have good character. Integrity, honesty, respect for others, a sense of fairness, a caring attitude are all characteristics of people we admire. We hear stories everyday about corruption, greed, someone taking advantage of another, and the destructive effects they have on our society. We have witnessed in the last few years how the dishonesty of just a few destroyed some of the worlds largest businesses – Enron, Worldcom, and Arthur Andersen to name a few – and the devastating impact it has on many families that never, ever participated in any wrongdoing. Remember, actions you take usually impacts others. Character is about doing what is right even when no one is looking.

8) Have a thirst for knowledge. Establish a desire to learn and to use the resources available to you. We have a terrific college and I encourage everyone to take advantage of its resources. Get involved with continuing education classes, talks or seminars. Look for companies that encourage you to continue your education. It helps the person and it also helps the company. Cultivate your thirst for knowledge now.

The workforce environment has changed dramatically over the past 25 years. Rarely will people retire from the same company where they started their career. The advice I give to you is to stay marketable. My rationale is twofold. From an employees perspective you never know what may happen down the line. You may run into a bad environment, or a bad boss. If you keep yourself marketable you can keep from “getting stuck in a job” – either by moving within the company, or to another company. From the company’s perspective, if their employees are staying at the top of their game the chances of the company’s ability to grow and be successful will be greater. I never heard of a company being successful by limiting the ability of its employees to learn and grow.

9) Lastly — Don’t be a Quitter. As one of our greatest inventors, Thomas Edison said, “many of life’s failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up.” Interesting quote from someone who tried 1,000 different combinations before he found the right materials for the light bulb. Also, echoes the words of one of my favorite poems “Don’t Quit”

When things go wrong, as they sometimes will,
When the road you’re trudging seems all uphill,
When the funds are low and the debts are high,
And you want to smile, but you have to sigh,
When care is pressing you down a bit,
Rest, if you must, but don’t you quit.
Life is queer with its twists and turns,
As every one of us sometimes learns,
And many a failure turns about,
When he might have won had he stuck it out;
Don’t give up though the pace seems slow–
You may succeed with another blow.
Often the goal is nearer than,
It seems to a faint and faltering man,
Often the struggler has given up,
When he might have captured the victor’s cup,
And he learned too late when the night slipped down,
How close he was to the golden crown.
Success is failure turned inside out–
The silver tint of the clouds of doubt,
And you never can tell how close you are,
It may be near when it seems so far,
So stick to the fight when you’re hardest hit–
It’s when things seem worst that you must not quit.
- Author unknown